High-energy-density rechargeable batteries have become indispensable in the 21st century, powering everything from tiny electronics to electric vehicles and grid storage. Advances in solid-state chemistry and physics have made Li-ion batteries (LIBs) dominant, with current models typically featuring energy densities below 250 Wh kg−1. Enhancing this to about 500 Wh kg−1 would significantly extend device usage times or reduce their size. Silicon (Si) is heralded as an optimal anode material for LIBs due to its high theoretical capacity, yet its extensive volumetric expansion during usage poses challenges. Silicon dioxide (SiO2) emerges as a superior alternative, with its high lithium storage capacity and minimal volume expansion, despite conductivity issues. This advancement necessitates sustainable methods for crafting stable Si-based composites. Lithium-metal anodes, offering the lowest redox potential and highest capacity, hold promise for dramatically increasing battery energy density but face challenges in lithium plating and stripping. Our research focuses on developing solid/semi-solid electrolytes and current collector modifications to mitigate dendrite growth and enhance efficiency, paving the way for more affordable electric vehicles and supporting global decarbonization efforts.